Time Domain Analysis of Grounding Electrodes' Impulse Response

Lightning protection studies require estimation of grounding systems' dynamic behavior. This paper presents the results of a new methodology for calculating the lightning response of the basic component of any grounding system, the grounding electrode. Lightning strike is modeled using a double exponential time function. Closed-form mathematical formulae are used to describe current and voltage distribution along the electrode. The effect of soil ionization can be also taken into account. The proposed methodology is validated by comparison of the obtained results with experimental and simulated waveforms found in literature.