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No identified study has addressed the relationships between basic psychological needs in physical education classes and playfulness of elementary school students although basic psychological needs and playfulness has developmental benefits for elementary school students. Thus the purpose of this study is to explore how basic psychological needs in physical education classes influence playfulness of elementary school students. A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed to five elementary schools in I city. Twenty-two incomplete questionnaires were excluded. A total of 278 questionnaires were used for data analysis. Correlations analysis revealed that every subset of playfulness and basic psychological needs are positively correlated. Multiple regression analyses revealed that relatedness positively influences every subset of playfulness while competence positively predicts humorous perspectives and a general playfulness factor. Findings indicated that it is important to foster environments where the relatedness and competence of elementary schoolers are encouraged by physical education teachers.
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Kang et al. (2018) studied this question.
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