Designed Synthesis of SiO 2 /TiO 2 Core/Shell Structure As Light Scattering Material for Highly Efficient Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

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SiO2/TiO2 core/shell nanoparticles (STCS-NPs) with diameters of 110, 240, and 530 nm were fabricated to investigate the influence of the size and refractive index of light-scattering particles on light-scattering properties. The optical properties of STCS-NPs were evaluated and compared with SiO2-NPs and TiO2-NPs. The structure of STCS-NPs, consisting of a low refractive index core and high refractive index shell, provides efficient light scattering. The optimized anode film with STCS-NPs had ca. 20% improved power conversion efficiency (PCE).