Knowledge About Role of HPV as a Risk Factor of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Among Dentists in Asia. A Systemic Review

Objectives: To assess the awareness and the knowledge among dentists of Asia about the Human Papillo mavirus (HPV) as a risk factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSSC).Materials and Methods: This systemic review was conducted on cross-sectional and observational research to assess dentists knowledge of HPV as a risk factor for OSCC in Asia. Up until August 9, 2024, databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant studies. Studies applying dentists as participants carried out in Asian nations met the eligibility requirements. The Joanne Briggs Institute (JBI) criteria for analytical cross-sectional research was used to assess the quality of the investigations.Results: Studies from Asian countries, including Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Pakistan, met the inclusion criteria. The fi ndings revealed signifi cant disparities in knowledge across regions. In Indonesia, 98% of dentists demonstrated a high understanding of HPV’s role in OSCC, while in Pakistan and Malaysia, many dentists were unaware of this association. Gender and education level infl uenced awareness, with male students showing more knowledge about HPV's link to oropharyngeal cancer, while female students were better informed about HPV vaccination. These results highlight the need for enhanced education and training programs to address these gaps.Conclusion: Asian nations have an increased incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), with tobacco use, alcohol intake, and chewing betel quid as major risk factors. There is growing evidence that HPV, specifically subtypes HPV-16 and HPV-18, plays a major role in the development of OSCC. In Asia, dentists are still mostly unaware of the role HPV plays in OSCC risk factor education and early diagnosis, despite their critical role in this respect.