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The potent mutagens, 1-nitropyrene and 6-nitrobenzo[a]-pyrene, are shown to induce the transformation of cultured normal human diploid fibroblasts to a state of anchorage- independent growth and cellular invasiveness. The transformation frequencies are greatly enhanced by addition of bovine milk xanthine oxidase, a mammalian nitroreductase.
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Howard et al. (1983) studied this question.
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