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Theoretical analysis reveals breather and rogue wave dynamics in optical fibers, indicating that sixth-order dispersion compresses nonlinear wave structures.
In this paper, we study the sixth-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation, appearing in the optical fiber. First, we derive this model from the AKNS system by constructing the Lax pair. Then, we obtain the first-order breather and higher-order rogue waves of the equation through the Darboux transformation. Finally, we demonstrate the higher-order dispersive term’s contribution of the breathers and rogue waves by the compression effects generated by the coefficient γ ₁ to the sixth-order dispersive.
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Jingtong et al. (2026) studied this question.
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