Narrative review demonstrates how mechanical probes perturb chemical solutions near unstable equilibrium points, suggesting high sensitivity to ultra-low physical impacts.
This review considers the behavior of solid, liquid, and gaseous solutions in the vicinity of unstable equilibrium points due to external probes. It focuses on systems highly sensitive to low and ultra-low external impacts. We go through the available literature and present theoretical and experimental results in a concise way. Although we shall briefly discuss gaseous solutions for completeness, the focus in the present review is on solid and liquid solutions. For these chemical systems, we shall discuss in detail the order–disorder framework and the low-stability issues, with the direct extensions to gaseous systems being beyond the scope of the present work.
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Obukhov et al. (2026) studied this question.
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