Preparation and Performance Investigation of a Novel Microcapsule Fire Extinguishing Agent for Confined Space Fire Suppression

A novel microcapsule fire extinguishing agent was prepared through interfacial polymerization method, using HFE‐7300 as the core material and SPUA as the wall material. The microcapsule fire extinguishing agent obtained under the optimal conditions (HFE‐7300@SPUA) exhibited relatively well‐defined morphology, successful core‐shell encapsulation, high encapsulation efficiency and excellent thermal stability. The SPUA‐based wall material of microcapsule ruptures precisely upon abnormal ambient temperature and the encapsulated HFE‐7300 spills out rapidly to extinguish fires, thus achieving efficient fire suppression for the fires in confined spaces at the incipient fire stage. The addition of HFE‐7300@SPUA effectively reduced the maximum temperature, the average heating rate and the self‐extinguishing time for the free combustion of n ‐heptane. The fire suppression mechanism of HFE‐7300@SPUA characterized by active defense properties is particularly suitable for combating sudden chain‐reaction fires in precise and confined spaces. HFE‐7300@SPUA holds great practical application potential in fire safety protection of lithium‐ion batteries and electrical equipments.