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Finite element simulation demonstrates increased load-bearing capacity in perforated steel columns with CFST flanges, highlighting improved design rules for composite structures.
This paper aims to investigate the structural performance of perforated steel columns with concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) flanges. Owing to their high strength and ductility, these structural systems may offer a promising alternative for compression-dominated built-up members in steel-concrete composite systems. A Finite Element (FE) model via Geometrically and Materially Nonlinear Analysis with Imperfections (GMNIA) is developed and calibrated against experimental results. An extensive parametric study is then carried out to evaluate the structural response under axial loading. Key parameters analyzed in this study are the steel grade, slenderness ratio, and confinement factor. The results indicated that the concrete filling increased the load-bearing capacity by an average of 263.8% and effectively mitigated early buckling observed in hollow tubular profiles. Additionally, S355 steel exhibited greater strength than S460 steel due to a more favorable interaction with the concrete. Higher local slenderness ratios (D/t) demonstrated enhanced performance. The Brazilian code NBR 16239 provided accurate predictions of load-bearing capacity, whereas Eurocode 4 exhibited the greatest deviations. In contrast, the Chinese code GB 50936 proved to be more appropriate for the design of these structural elements. These findings contribute valuable insights to the development and practical application of CFST profiles in structural engineering.
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Rossato et al. (2026) studied this question.
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