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The overall extraction equilibrium constants (Kex) for 1: 1: 1 complexes of 12-crown-4 (12C4) with alkali metal picrates between benzene and water have been determined at 25 °C. The Kex series for the 12C4 for the alkali metal ions are given by Na+>Li+>K+>Rb+≥Cs+.
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Yasuyuki Takeda (1980) studied this question.
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