Electronics with stainless steel: The work functions

This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.

The work functions of different stainless steels were investigated and found to be in the range of 4.08–4.19 eV. They characterize the passive layer, an oxide layer on top of the stainless steel bulk material. This layer makes the steels corrosion-resistant, and it also controls the possible electronic and electrochemical applications of such materials. Structured samples were measured that are especially important for applications of these materials, e.g., in solar cells or fuel cells. The effects of composition changes of the stainless steel on the work function are unexpectedly small, which is likely related to a similar number of d electrons responsible for the electronic band structure.