Key result
Enteric viruses were detected in 42.6% of children aged 0-36 months with diarrhea compared to 0% of healthy controls, with rotavirus being the most prevalent agent (28.3%).
Case-Control (n=282)
Yes
Absolute Event Rate: 42.6% vs 0%
Rotavirus is the most prevalent viral agent of diarrhea in young children in Edo State, Nigeria, highlighting the need for viral diagnostic tests in primary care.
Rotavirus predominance was associated with pediatric diarrhea in this region; leaves open whether viral testing should enter routine primary care.
Enteric viruses have been shown to be responsible for diarrhea among children during their early childhood. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of rotavirus, adenovirus, and norovirus infection in young children with diarrhea in two primary health centers in Edo State, Nigeria. A total of 223 stool specimens were collected from children aged 0-36 months with clinical signs of diarrhea and 59 apparently healthy age-matched children as control. These specimens were investigated for three viral agents using immunochromatographic technique (ICT). The overall results showed that at least one viral agent was detected in 95/223 (42.6%) of the children with diarrhea while the control had none. The prevalence of rotavirus was 28.3%, adenovirus 19.3%, and norovirus 3.6%. There was a significant association between age group and infection (P < 0.0001). Seasonal pattern of enteric viruses was not statistically significant (P = 0.17). The overall coinfection rate was 7.6% and rotavirus-adenovirus coinfection had the highest with 5.4%. Rotavirus was the most prevalent viral agent. Coinfections are not uncommon among the population studied. The most commonly associated clinical symptom of viral diarrhea in this study was vomiting. Viral diagnostic tests are advocated for primary health care facilities in this locality.
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Imade et al. (2015) conducted a case-control in Diarrhea (n=282). Enteric viral infection vs. Healthy age-matched controls was evaluated on Detection of at least one viral agent (rotavirus, adenovirus, or norovirus). Enteric viruses were detected in 42.6% of children aged 0-36 months with diarrhea compared to 0% of healthy controls, with rotavirus being the most prevalent agent (28.3%).
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