Seasonal and interannual variations of phytoplankton in the Gulf of Venice (Northern Adriatic Sea)

Spatial and temporal variations of phytoplankton community structure were studied in the Gulf of Venice (Northern Adriatic Sea) from February 1999 to December 2001 (INTERREG II, Italia–Slovenia project). Phytoplankton samples were collected, with a monthly frequency, at 11 stations in the basin. Abundance, biomass, and species composition were considered. Synthetic descriptors were used in order to evaluate the main succession pattern and to cluster communities that typify different hydrological conditions. A decreasing gradient of abundance and biomass was generally observed from west to east, passing from the land-influenced waters to offshore. The seasonal pattern and inter-annual variability of the main phytoplankton taxa are described and discussed in relation with the occurrence of a massive mucilage event and of a Po River flood.