Key result
Menopause in India occurs at an average age of 46.2 years and is associated with increased cardiovascular risk, metabolic syndrome, and sympathovagal imbalance.
Post-menopausal women face increased cardiovascular risks due to estrogen deficiency, sympathovagal imbalance, and metabolic syndrome, highlighting the need for better management strategies.
Menopause refers to a non-pathological condition, wherein there is cessation of menstruation for atleast one year.The age of natural menopause in india is 46.2 ± 4.9 years.[1] Research studies show that in urban cities like pondicherry, more than one‑third of the postmenopausal women are having a poor quality of life.[2] There is impaired urogenital, vasomotor and cognitive symptoms, caused due to decreased estrogen levels in the body. This estrogen deficient state puts post-menopausal women at a higher risk of cardiovascular events.[3] Also, sympathovagal imbalance is observed in post-menopausal women with increased sympathetic activity and reduced parasympathetic activity which adds to the cardiovascular risk.[4] Heart rate variability is a sensitive measure of sympathovagal imbalance.[4] It is found that there is a decline in heart rate variability in post menopausal women.[5] Recent study shows that postmenopausal state also offers higher risk of developing metabolic syndrome with an increased level of insulin resistance.[6] This can also be indicated by deranged lipid profile in them, such as higher triglyceride and total cholestrol.[7] With a myriad of symptoms to deal with, there are fewer treatment alternatives for post-menopausal women.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Mitali et al. (2022) conducted an editorial in Menopause. Menopause was evaluated. Menopause in India occurs at an average age of 46.2 years and is associated with increased cardiovascular risk, metabolic syndrome, and sympathovagal imbalance.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: