Do macrophages kill through apoptosis?

Macrophages can kill target cells independent of conventional immune specificity. Based on a re-examination of literature three decades old and recent experiments, Antonios Aliprantis and colleagues propose that macrophages kill target cells by inducing apoptosis. For this purpose, macrophages employ a selection of pro-apoptotic mediators including reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and tumour necrosis factor alpha.