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Within the framework of Dexter’s theory, we calculate the energies of the Stark levels of Yb3+-Yb3+ paired centers in lithium niobate doped with Yb3+ ions (LiNbO3:Yb3+) crystal, considering the interaction of optical electrons of ytterbium ions forming the paired center. The calculated Stark level energies are shown to correspond well with the observed cooperative luminescence wavelengths.
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Demirkhanyan et al. (2025) studied this question.
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