Cesium vapor interacting with a tightly focused, intense midinfrared (3.40.3em0exμm) source produces high harmonic radiation in the visible∕UV spectral range. The measured yields of harmonic orders 9--17 are found to yield good quantitative agreement with numerical simulations that include both the single-atom and the macroscopic response. The 5th--9th harmonic orders are generated with sufficient pulse energies (~1000.3em0expJ) for direct temporal measurements using an autocorrelation method and when correlated with bandwidth measurements are found not to be transform limited. A blueshift connected to a strong time-dependent ionization appears to be the cause of this spectral broadening.
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Clatterbuck et al. (2004) studied this question.
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