Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Doyle G. Reynolds, John J. Beecham, Home Range Activities and Reproduction of Black Bears in West-Central Idaho, Bears: Their Biology and Management, Vol. 4, A Selection of Papers from the Fourth International Conference on Bear Research and Management, Kalispell, Montana, USA, February 1977 (1980), pp. 181-190
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Reynolds et al. (1980) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 10 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: