Smoking and Alcohol Consumption: A Study on Their Role as Risk Factors for Development of Laryngeal Squamous Cell Cancer

Background: Among the head and neck carcinomas, laryngeal SCC is the most common one. Smoking and alcohol consumption are the indisputable risk factors of this carcinoma. Thus, we aimed to conduct this study, to assess the association of these factors with risk of development laryngeal cancer. Methods: This study was a hospital based study consisting of 75 patients diagnosed with LSCC (Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma) and 30 age and sex matched control. Results: Out of 75 patients, 55 (73.3%) were male and 20 (26.7%) were female with male to female ratio 11:4. The patients at their ages of fifties and sixties showed higher incidence of LSCC. The percentage of incidence for age groups 45-55 and 55-65 were respectively 33.3% and 29.3%.We found that LSCC risk increased with increase in number as well as duration of cigarette smoking and alcohol intake whereas the risk reduced with the cessation; Odd Ratio (OR)= 5.01 for those smoking for more than 30 yrs, OR=4.81 for those taking >30 cigarettes per day in comparison to those with less duration and number of cigarette intake whereas OR=6.45 for heavy drinkers, OR=2.91, 1.81 for moderate and light drinkers respectively.