HL-60 cells infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV 1) can be induced to differentiate along the granulocyte pathway by retinoic acid. In these cells, HIV mRNA synthesis is stimulated, but synthesis of viral proteins and virus replication are blocked and HIV-infected cells die after becoming apoptotic and/or vacuolized.
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Semmel et al. (1994) studied this question.
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