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Single transverse and lateral mode InGaAs/GaAsP/InGaP 980 nm SPIN (spread index) ridge waveguide lasers (3 µm × 750 µm) with symmetric far fields of thetas⊥ × thetas|| = 17° × 15°, slope efficiency of ηext = 0.9 W/A and threshold current of Ith = 24 mA have been demonstrated. 90% coupling to singlemode lensed fibre and 52% direct buttcoupling to cleaved fibre has been achieved.
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Vakhshoori et al. (1996) studied this question.
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