The adsorption and the surfactant effect of Sb on the Ag(100) surface are studied using first-principles calculations. Our calculated results show that the pre-adsorbed Sb atoms act as nucleation centres for the deposited Ag atoms, and surface-substitutional Sb atoms repel on-fcc-site Ag atoms nearby. We suggest that the Sb repulsion network reduces the Ag-adatom mobility and leads to a high density of Ag islands which improve the smoothness of the layer-by-layer growth.
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Jiang et al. (1998) studied this question.
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