Summary The results of operative treatment of humeral nonunion after intramedullary rod fixation have not been as good as treatment for nonunion after nonoperative treatment or plate fixation. This could be in part the result of the shoulder damage that occurs when removing a well-buried anterograde intramedullary fixation device. Our treatment of patients with humerus nonunion after intramedullary fixation has evolved so that we now treat them without removing the rod. The newer locking compression plates provide additional features that facilitate fixation over an intramedullary device.
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Ring et al. (2003) studied this question.
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