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Numerical solution of flows that are partially bounded by a freely moving boundary is of great importance in practical applications such as ship hydrodynamics. Free boundary problems can be reformulated into optimal shape design problems, which can in principle be solved efficiently by the adjoint method. This work examines the suitability of the adjoint shape optimization method for solving steady free‐surface flows. It is shown that preconditioning is imperative to avoid mesh‐width dependence of the convergence behaviour. Numerical results are presented for 2D flow over an obstacle in a channel.
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Brummelen et al. (2002) studied this question.
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