Fenestration and dehiscence defects in maxillary anterior teeth using two classification systems

BACKGROUND: The primary objective of the study was to assess the buccal bone thickness (BT), evaluate and compare the prevalence of bone fenestration and dehiscence in anterior maxillary teeth using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). METHODS: Images of 300 maxillary anterior teeth were investigated. The BT was measured at the bone crest, 3, 6 and 9 mm from the bone crest, and apical. Fenestration and dehiscence were recorded according to Yang and Pan's classification. Student's t-test and one-way ANOVA were performed for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Fenestration and dehiscence rates were 35.66% and 20%, respectively. Type III fenestration was higher in group 3 (>65 years) (P = 0.028). Type I and IV fenestration and CII DII dehiscence were more common in canines (P > 0.05). Fenestration involving two-thirds (46.76%) and one-third (44.84%) of the root length was more common. Fenestrations involving the entire root were 8.4%. Most of the dehiscence (63.3%) involved one-third of the root length. Dehiscence involving two-thirds of the root length and the entire root was 5% and 9.95%, respectively. The coexistence of fenestration and dehiscence was 8.3%. Dehiscence on the palatal aspect was detected in 1.65% of the anterior maxilla. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of BT ≤1 mm was 80.08%, and ≥2 mm was 3.66%. Fenestration was most common in canines. Fenestration was mostly located in the apical third, while dehiscence was mostly located in the coronal third.