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Probably over 100,000 pairs of Black-headed Gulls now breed in England and Wales, about double the total in 1958. The two largest colonies hold more than a quarter of ,the total, and probably a half of the population is now concentrated on the shores of the Solent and Wash. inundation by high tides is the greatest hazard, but despite this the coastal colonies have shown spectacular increases.
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F. C. Gribble (1976) studied this question.
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