A surprising example of enantioselective cascade Michael–oxa-Michael–tautomerization reactions of malononitrile and benzylidenechromanones has been developed. In this case, malononitrile functions as both nucleophile and electrophile. Meanwhile, a simple bifunctional indane amine–thiourea catalyst has been discovered to promote this process to afford high yields (up to 99%) and high to excellent enantiomeric excesses (81–99% ee).
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Ren et al. (2010) studied this question.
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