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Doubling up: Two CH bond activations took place efficiently upon treatment of 1 with a rhodium catalyst to form dehydrogenative cyclization products 2. Furthermore, 3 undergoes similar cyclization and subsequent decarboxylation through the cleavage of two CH bonds and one CC bond. Both reactions provide straightforward routes to the fluorene framework.
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Morimoto et al. (2012) studied this question.
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