Acoustic and photographic studies of injected bubbles

When gas bubbles are injected into a liquid, their behaviour can be markedly different from the single, isolated, spherical oscillating bubble, since shape oscillations can distort the bubble. In addition, the process of bubble formation can lead to multiple excitations of the bubble oscillations, for example when the newly formed bubble contacts and absorbs the bubble being formed at the nozzle. This gives rise to corresponding features in the acoustic output. In this study the photographic and acoustic data from such events are correlated. This undergraduate-level experiment provides useful data in a field of current interest.