Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) combined with simultaneous sputter removal of material from the sample (profiling) was used to determine changes in composition within surface layers (∼1000 Å) of stainless steels which were air oxidized at various temperatures. Oxidation of 304 stainless steel at temperatures up to 600°C results in the formation of an Fe-oxide layer with Cr and Ni appearing only deeper below the surface at the oxide-bulk interface. After treatment at 700°C the first signs of Cr-oxide formation near the surface begin to appear. At 900°C the Fe-oxide layer is replaced by a Cr-oxide film and becomes the dominant feature. Composition profiles for air-oxidized (at 900°C) 321 stainless steel and Inconel are also reported.
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Betz et al. (1974) studied this question.
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