Human Body Effects on Implantable Antennas for Ism Bands Applications: Models Comparison and Propagation Losses Study

In this paper propagation losses of body implanted antennas are studied at the ISM bands of 433 MHz, 915 MHz, 2450 MHz and 5800 MHz.Two body models are used, one based on a single equivalent layer and the other based on a three layer structure, showing the advantages and limitations of each one.Firstly, the antenna pair gain at different implanted antenna depths is analyzed.Next, we show the effects of the thickness of the different body tissue layers.Finally, we discuss the consequences of using a coating layer to isolate the antenna from the harsh environment of the human body.