A modulation depth of 40% (0.7 dB/μm) was obtained with an infrared (10.6 μm) modulator consisting of a stack of 50 pairs of weakly coupled asymmetric quantum wells monolithically integrated with a quantum well infrared photodetector. The monolithic integration is shown to be a promising technique for the ‘‘ac’’ coupling of infrared focal-plane arrays as well as for the direct study of the effects of electric fields and charge density variations on intersubband transitions.
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Almogy et al. (1996) studied this question.