A line transect may be used to determine the density of animals or plants by means of the formulawhere D is the number of organisms per unit area, z is the number of encounters between observer and organism in unit time, R is the effective radius of the organism, u is the average speed of the organism, and w that of the observer.Some of the terms in this equation are difficult to determine, but transects may be used for comparative purposes when the terms are unknown but may be assumed to be constant.Under certain conditions this assumption is probably justified.
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W. B. Yapp (1956) studied this question.
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