The ethanol—water separation by pervaporation with γ‐ray irradiation‐modified nylon 4 membrane was investigated. The membrane was prepared by homografting γ‐ray irradiation of vinyl acetate (VAc) monomer onto nylon 4, poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc)‐homo‐g‐nylon 4 followed by hydrolysis treatment, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)‐homo‐g‐nylon 4. The homografting method shows significant improvement in the degree of grafting of (VAc) onto nylon 4 over the heterografting method. For example, the degree of grafting of the VAc with 30 vol % and total dose of 2 Mrad for the heterografted method and for the homografted method are 14.1 and 42.2%, respectively. The effects of irradiation with or without oxygen in solution, irradiation time, VAc content, degree of grafting, crystallinity, feed concentration, and operating temperature on performances of the PVA‐homo‐g‐nylon 4 membrane were carried out. Comparison of the separation factor of sorption in membrane (αsorp) and that of pervaporation (αperv) was made. A separation factor of 7.3 and a 0.691 kg/m2 h permeation rate can be obtained by the PVA‐homo‐g‐nylon 4 membrane with a degree of grafting of 42.2% for 90 wt % ethanol feed concentration. Compared with the unmodified nylon 4 membrane, which has the separation factor of 4 and permeation rate of 0.350 kg/m2 h, the PVA‐homo‐g‐nylon 4 membrane shows improved a separation factor and permeation rate.
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Lai et al. (1993) studied this question.
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