The Effect of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Stimulation of Live Cells on Intracellular Ca2+ Dynamics Changes Notably Involving Ion Channels

Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy is a non-invasive treatment with promising therapeutic efficacy for bone and cartilage-related pathologies, as well as the attenuation of osteoarthritis pain.Despite extensive research on certain PEMF applications, the underlying treatment mechanism remains unclear.The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of PEMF stimulation on intracellular calcium ions changes and related gene expression were measured using KG-1 cells (a human myelomonocytic cell line) and HUVECs (human umbilical vein endothelial cells).In both the KG-1 and HUVECs, PEMF stimulation resulted in enhanced Ca 2+ influx via purinergic receptor channels, Ca 2+ release from intracellular store, and store-operated Ca 2+ entry into the cells.In the KG-1 cells, PEMF stimulation at 50 Hz for 40 minutes increased the ATPsensitive [Ca 2+ ] i increment by about 30%, as well as the CPA-induced [Ca 2+ ] i increment increased by about 18%.The response of [Ca 2+ ] i due to PEMF stimulation appeared in the opposite direction in HUVECs.Our study revealed that PEMF controls [Ca 2+ ] i regulation through specific ion channels, depending on the cell type.We established that it is necessary to precisely control the intensity and duration of PEMF, depending on the condition being treated and the type of tissue.