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With the global rise in human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection in women of childbearing age, there has also been an alarming rise in the number of mother-to-child transmissions of HIV-1. Although drug therapies such as zidovudine as well as nevirapine have been demonstrated to significantly decrease the incidence of vertical transmission of HIV-1, these therapeutic regimens are still not widely available in some developing countries where maternal-to-child transmission of HIV-1 continues to occur at an alarming rate. Therefore, the continued studies of mechanisms and correlates of vertical transmission of HIV-1 are warranted. The current status of immunological and virological correlates of vertical transmission are summarized in this review. In addition, information concerning recent therapeutic agents for the prevention of HIV-1 vertical transmission is presented.
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Edgeworth et al. (2000) studied this question.
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