The three-dimensional development of the nucleon component of extensive air showers is investigated. A vectorial diffusion equation is derived for the phase-space distribution of the nucleons, and solved as far as required to determine the mean square angular deviation, and the mean square distance from the shower axis. Account is taken of the variation of density in the atmosphere, and numerical results are obtained for all altitudes. These are exhibited graphically. The lateral spread of the nucleon cascade in lead is also determined, and the results tabulated. A full discussion is given of the significance of the numerical values obtained.
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Green et al. (1952) studied this question.
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