The results of an empirically based model for a vertical direct current arc discharge in 1 atm air are presented. The arc is found to be quasi-steady state for currents between 20 and 5000 A. There are two distinct core temperature ranges, one near 7000 °K and the other near 12 000 °K, and the transition between these occurs over a current range between 40 and 150 A. Arc temperature and energy balance curves are presented for several values of total arc current.
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Don J. Latham (1980) studied this question.