Successful control of double carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC-NDM) outbreak in a hospital in Colombia

Background: carbapenemase (KPC) and New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) are a growing challenge in Latin America. These multi-drug-resistant strains have been associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. In Colombia, the spread of these infections has placed increasing pressure on healthcare systems. Objective: To describe the epidemiological characteristics and interventions implemented during an outbreak of co-producing KPC and NDM. Methods: outbreak in a Colombian university hospital (July 2023-March 2024). Clinical and epidemiological variables were analysed. Outbreak control focused on active screening, patient cohorting, and hand hygiene reinforcement (>80% compliance). Results: Sixty-six cases were identified: 51.5% infections and 48.5% colonizations. Males predominated (56.1%) and the median age was 62 years. Bloodstream infections were the most common type of infection (17.6%), and the most affected service was general surgery (30.3%). The overall mortality rate was 13.6%, with no direct association with infection. Hand hygiene compliance exceeded 80% during the outbreak. Conclusions: The multi-disciplinary response proved instrumental in containing the outbreak, underscoring the significance of strict adherence to infection prevention measures and other measures not implemented previously.