Heartrate-Dependent Heartwave Biometric Identification With Thresholding-Based GMM–HMM Methodology

This paper presents an adaptive heartrate-dependent heartwave-signal-based biometric identification. A reliable and continuous heartwave extraction method featuring the hybridized discrete waveform transform method with heartrate adaptive QT and PR intervals to perform comprehensive heartwave features extractions on more than 35 000 heartwave signal. The size of training data was determined and the hybridized Gaussian-mixture-model-hidden-Markov-model classification method was used in the classification. Dynamic thresholding criterial incorporating user-specific scores and heartrate were adopted. The identification process using dynamic thresholding criterial achieved a remarkable receiver operating characteristic of 0.89 in true positive rate and an equal error rate of 0.11.