Detection and Quantitation of Dermatophagoides Antigens in House Dust by Immunochemical Techniques

Rabbit antibodies against D. pteronyssinus whole culture extract were rendered specific to mite antigens by immunoabsorption with extract of human dander. Using the absorbed antibodies, an extract of a mite culture gave rise to 15 peaks in crossed immunoelectrophoresis and to a titer of 512 in counter-immunoelectrophoresis. When applied to dust samples from the homes of allergic patients, counterimmunoelectrophoresis gave reproducible results within an error of 1 titer-step. Mite antigens were detected in 64% of 105 dust samples investigated. The titer correlated well (P less than 0.005) with the concentration of Dermatophagoides bodies, found in 13 mattress dust samples by microscopy. Advantages and limitations of immunochemical quantitations of house dust mites in dust samples is discussed in relation to investigations by microscopy.