New findings of swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography in Sturge–Weber syndrome with circumscribed choroidal hemangioma: a case report

Background Circumscribed choroidal hemangioma is not associated with systemic diseases,while it can also occasionally occur in Sturge-Weber syndrome patients. Swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) offers a non-invasive imaging modality for diagnosis and follow-up analysis of circumscribed choroidal hemangiomas. This study presents an uncommon instance of Sturge-Weber syndrome with circumscribed choroidal hemangioma, diagnosed and monitored over a three-year follow-up period using SS-OCTA. Case presentation A 16-year-old female presented with decreased vision in her right eye, with a ipsilateral facial port-wine birthmark. Multimodal imaging, particularly SS-OCTA, supports the diagnosis of circumscribed choroidal hemangioma located in the superotemporal quadrant with subretinal fluid. After initial laser photocoagulation, SS-OCTA showed decreased subretinal fluid at the tumor site but increased SRF over the fovea. Subsequently, the patient received intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) combined with additional laser photocoagulation. After 3-year follow-up using SS-OCTA, SRF had never recurred and choroidal vascularity index of choroidal hemangioma decreased. Conclusions SS-OCTA is helpful for the diagnosis of choroidal hemangioma and can also be used to assess treatment response by analyzing choroidal blood flow.