Postherniorrhaphy urinary retention—effect of local, regional, and general anesthesia: A review☆

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Postherniorrhaphy urinary retention (UR) may depend on the anesthetic technique. We therefore reviewed available published studies of UR in relation to anesthetic technique. METHODS: A Medline-based search (1966-November 2001) revealed 70 nonrandomized and 2 randomized studies. RESULTS: The incidence of UR was lower with local anesthesia (LA) (33 in 8991 patients, 0.37%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.24%-0.49%) compared with regional anesthesia (RA) (150 in 6191 patients, 2.42%, 95% CI 2.04%-2.81%) and general anesthesia (GA) (344 in 11471 patients, 3.00%, 95% CI 2.69%-3.31%). CONCLUSION: The low incidence of UR with LA is in accordance with the inhibitory effects of RA and GA on bladder function. Data from newer short-acting techniques of GA and RA are required to define the optimal anesthetic for inguinal herniorrhaphy.