A matter of concentration: Cyclic pseudorotaxanes are formed by the addition of copper(I) ions to a ligand consisting of a ring containing a chelating unit and, appended to the ring, a rigid fragment containing another chelating unit. The tetramer is formed as the major product in concentrated solution, and the analogous trimer prevails in more dilute solution; both species are connected through a concentration-dependent slow equilibrium.
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Kraus et al. (2005) studied this question.
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