It's an affair of four: The study of nonlinear effects in the proline–thiourea-catalyzed aldol reaction between acetone and aromatic aldehydes, together with NMR and ESI-MS experiments, shows that the main role of the thiourea co-catalyst is that of promoting both the formation of a soluble Seebach's oxazolidinone intermediate and its conversion into the iminium carboxylate isomer.
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El‐Hamdouni et al. (2009) studied this question.
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