The aim of the study was to contrast male and female behaviour and attitudes in the recreational sport domain and to explore some of the antecedents of revealed sex differences. The subjects were 184 married couples in Israel. Marked differences in the rate of recreational sport participation between husbands and wives were revealed particularly in sports that involve competition. The woman's number of social roles was not related to her rate of participation. The spouse's influence was found to be of relatively small importance. Marked differences in the meaning of recreational sport between the sexes were revealed. The overall picture presented by the findings indicates that sex differences in this area are more strongly related to deep-rooted socialization effects than to current structural constraints.
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Shamir et al. (1983) studied this question.
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