Estrogen‐TGFβ cross‐talk in bone and other cell types: Role of TIEG, Runx2, and other transcription factors

It is well established that E(2) and TGFbeta have major biological effects in multiple tissues, including bone. The signaling pathways through which these two factors elicit their effects are well documented. However, the interaction between these two pathways and the potential consequences of cross-talk between E(2) and TGFbeta continue to be elucidated. In this prospectus, we present known and potential roles of TIEG, Runx2, and other transcription factors as important mediators of signaling between these two pathways.