Studies on mixed matrix membranes as efficient materials for dye removal from textile waste-water

Removal of dyes from waste-water in the manufacturing and textile industries is a major challenge. Improper disposal of dye-contaminated water poses a risk to effluent and freshwater sources. This study on fabricating composite membranes using reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is an advancement over the presently existing techniques. Membranes containing 1.0% rGO showed the highest pure water flux and excellent removal of dyes at 95% for Congo red (CR) and 93 % for Eriochrome black T (EBT). Pore structure analysis from Small Angle Neutron Scattering studies indicated that the pore distribution and the bulk morphology has a pronounced effect on the separation characteristics. These membranes also exhibit better antifouling capabilities, which is crucial for their long-term effectiveness for dye removal.