Mycobacterium haemophilum: Emerging or Underdiagnosed in Brazil?

To the Editor: Mycobacterium haemophilum was first described in 1978 by Sompolinsky et al. (1) as the cause of cutaneous infections in a patient with Hodgkin disease. Since then, fewer than 100 cases have been reported worldwide, mostly among immunocompromised patients (2), although M. haemophilum infection has also been described in immunocompetent patients as the cause of cervical, submandibular, and perihilar lymphadenopathy in children and of pulmonary nodules in an adult (3-5).