By use of a near-field scanning optical microscope in collection mode, multimode interference was directly measured in an annealed proton-exchanged LiNbO3 waveguide. Periodic transitions from a single-peaked Gaussianlike intensity distribution to a double-peaked intensity distribution were observed. The intensity distribution along the waveguide was calculated, and the results agree well with the experimental observation.
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Campillo et al. (2003) studied this question.
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